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COMM 101 - Speech: Make a Plan

The purpose of this guide is to assist students with research for COMM 101.

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Kristin Soederlind
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Framing a Research Question

Research Mapping

Research mapping is a visual way to organize your ideas and sources before writing or giving a speech.

  • Think of it like making a map or web where your main topic goes in the middle, and related subtopics branch out.
  • Each branch can then connect to evidence, examples, or sources that support your points.
  • It helps you see connections, avoid repeating yourself, and spot areas where you need more research.

👉 In speeches, research mapping ensures your supporting material (statistics, stories, expert opinions) actually connects back to your main point.

Benefits of Research Mapping

  • Clarity: keeps your speech focused
  • Balance: shows if one section is too heavy or too thin
  • Organization: makes outlining much easier
  • Memory Aid: the map can be a visual reminder when practicing

Research Tip: Know whose voice matters.

You are giving a speech, but you will use other people's expertise and experience to help support what you may already know. Determining the best people and sources to support your ideas is the first step to high quality research!

Who would provide authoritative information on your topic?

"Constructed" authorities

Individuals who hold advanced degrees in a subject, have many years of professional experience, or have been widely recognized for their mastery of a topic.

"Contextual" authorities

Nonprofessional individuals whose personal experience on your topic is appropriate in the context of your speech.

  • Scientists or Researchers
  • Special interest groups
  • Professors or Academics
  • Journalists
  • Business Leaders
  • Members of a community
  • Government Officials
  • Witnesses of an event
  • Doctors or Medical Professionals
  • Interview subjects

What authorities would be most relevant and entertaining for the other students in your audience?

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